The human spine consists of 24 vertebrae stacked one on top of another to form the spinal column through which the spinal cord passes. Within this column are specialized segments: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum and coccyx each performing different functions. The lumbar segment (waist to tailbone) is where osteoarthritis is most likely and earliest to occur.
Each vertebral segment consists of a bony ring, a cushion-like intervertebral disc and two posterior facet joints at the back, one on each side. The facet joints are small bony protuberances. A joint is formed where the knobs that connect two vertebrae meet. The alignment of the facet joints are what allow forward and backward movement of the spine. Like most joints, the surfaces of these facet joints are lined with cartilage which cushions the bones and allows them to glide during motion.
With age, the intervertebral discs and the cartilage lining the facet joints tends to dry out and thin. With certain movement patterns, repetitive use, stress and injury, this articular cartilage tends to erode shrinking the space between the vertebrae and, over time, causing the facet joints to press together. As degeneration progresses, bone rubs against bone and joints become inflamed causing stiffness and pain. This is the condition known as degenerative disc disease or facet joint osteoarthritis.
So where does yoga come into play? Studies have suggested that gentle forms of yoga with mindful movement in and out of poses might slow the natural aging process in the discs by allowing more nutrients to diffuse or enter the spinal discs. More studies are needed to provide further evidence and are presently on-going. Until then, let us hope and continue to believe that gentle, slow yoga not only feels good, but is therapeutic.
steppingonthemat 